On the border between the core and the mantle of the earth is 10 to 20 skirt drops is nothing like the rest of the underground realm of our world. For more than two decades, scientists have pondered the nature of these mysterious regions, called areas ultra-low speed (ULVZs). Now, the researchers examined a 3000 kilometers below Iceland finally have an answer: they can be fused partial roots of the hot rock pillars, which slowly feed through the mantle of volcanoes.
According to Ed Garnero, a seismologist at Arizona State University in Tempe, who discovered the regions in 1996, it would not be part of the new study that would make low ULVZ marks that mark the basis of feathers in the world. "environmental science and technology degree says they would probably tell you where you have pens and upwellings. "
"Environmental science and technology degree" To dissolve heat from the liquid outer core, the solid rock in the earth coat moves in the slow convective vortex, as a hot syrup churn pot. Earth scientists have long suspected that these winds of mantle convection currents occur as responsible pens of volcanic hotspots on Earth. Now they have begun to use at least its upper parts with sophisticated computer models to see the large earthquake waves to create the CT inside the Earth.
Image clouds in the lower mantle, where ULVZ live. The regions are called seismic waves through them also slow down. A way to explain the rate would decrease when partially melted. Another area argued that the velocity drops can be explained if ULVZ consists of a dense, different types of rocks, perhaps enriched with iron and chemically separated from the rest of the mantle.
Earlier studies have links between provisional and ULVZs feathers in Hawaii and Samoa. But study author Barbara Romanowicz, seismologist at the University of California, Berkeley, said the scene in Iceland will provide a better picture. In fact, the seismic waves go under the different directions region and can be provided by sensors on opposite sides of the world, unlike the Pacific islands.
With seismic waves captured by the sensory networks in the United States and China, his team identified the best position and shape of the ULVC. They discovered that their shape was a cylinder, such as a pillbox-800 kilometers wide and 15 kilometers high, more or less directly from the spring, the volcanoes Icelandic feeds, announced today in science. She said the results of his team favored the scene partially melted as the other option, a chemically different rock would probably have an irregular shape and do not necessarily have to sit directly under a lump. "There is much more natural explanation," said Romanowicz. "You can tell directly what is happening in the cloud. Temperatures are higher and information science and technology salary is high.
But Allen McNamara is not sure that the new study of the rock scene will throw chemically different. Geodinamista Michigan State University in East Lansing, McNamara modeled the mantle of temporal currents. And discover that along the border of the core mantle streams are stretched, stretched column bases like bath drain back. These streams would pull the dense and chemically different rock penachas and possibly it could be packaged in an approximately circular shape. "If you have something tighter in the lower coat, go along a walk on the conveyor belt," he said. Garnero added that, as many phenomena should not be, or: The ULVZ can be both fades and chemically different try denver school of science and technology stapleton.
Romanowicz said the debate is resolved as images of the lower mantle improve. The most powerful computer allows you to use the highest frequency content of the seismic waves, the best part is to illuminate the surface structures like ULVZ. Another boost, Garnero said, could be of seismic sensors on the seabed. With most seismic sensors sitting on the ground, two thirds of the oceans of the earth is an empty place. "It's like in utero ultrasonic wand in one place," he said.